PopulationCouncil011 Population Council African Population & Health Research Centre 2022-09-14 NADA version 1.1 Getting Girls Back to School: The 4Ts (Trace, Track, Talk and reTurn} Initiative PopulationCouncil011 Population Council

Mr. Benard Kimachas

Ms. Grace Amira

Millicent Nyabunga

Robert Moseti

Sub-County Directors of Education teams

Curriculum Support Officers

Headteachers

Chiefs and Assistant Chiefs and Village Elders

Tom Saria

Carol Olela

Wesley Onsongo

Wilkister Ombidi

Janet Munyasya

George Odwe Chi-Chi Undie Ann Gachoya Truphena Kirongo Fredrick Kiiru Jane Njogu Copyright © PopulationCouncil, 2024 NADA Wellspring Philanthropic Fund Echidna Giving Track, Trace, Talk, and reTurn Competency-Based Curriculum Pregnant or Parenting Girls School-Based Teachers Support Re-entry, Drop-Out Girls The 4Ts (Trace, Track, Talk and reTurn) Initiative, is a modified version of a community outreach intervention developed by PC Kenya in collaboration with the Homa Bay County Department of Education, Ministry of Education (MoE) in 2019 to strengthen an ongoing media campaign intervention to foster the re-entry of pregnant/parenting girls into school. It involves tracking or identifying pregnant/parenting girls who dropped out of school by liaising with school heads; tracing such girls down to the household level in collaboration village chiefs; talking to girls, their families, and school heads about Kenya's school re-entry policy, the benefits of education, and the fact that the government welcomes their re-entry into school; and involving high-level government officials in monitoring girls' actual return to school via field visits during which spot checks and learning conversations occur. The 4Ts was implemented in Narok and Homa Bay counties between May and August 2021. A total of 1,424 out-of-school girls (773 in Homa Bay and 651 in Narok) and their families were reached with important school re-entry policy information. About 30 percent (n=426) re-entered school (despite the pregnancy/parenting status of the vast majority), about 54 percent (n=769) of out-of-school girls reached with school re-entry messages indicated that they were planning to re-enter school during the project period, while 16 percent were not planning to go back to school. The success of the 4Ts can be attributed to several factors, namely, involvement of national, county, and local education officials in a coordinated effort; using existing MOE structures; and parental engagement. Long-term solutions to addressing the negative impacts of the COVID-19 on access to education for marginalized girls can benefit from harnessing nationally-led initiatives. Kenya Homabay and Narok counties Out-of-School girls, Parents and Headteachers The study targeted all out-of-school girls irrespective of the reason for being away from school. The 4Ts was implemented in Narok and Homa Bay counties between May and August 2021. The actual tracking, tracing and monitoring was conducted over a 3-month period from May to July in Homa Bay and from June to August in Narok. A monitoring tool was used to capture information on every out-of-school girl reached by the 4Ts intervention teams. Specifically, the monitoring tool captured information on out-of-school girls' location (sub-county, zone, village); details (name and, age), parent/guardian's details (name and mobile contact); the main reason for being out-of-school (i.e., pregnant/parenting, lack of childcare, marriage, sick or taking care of sick parent and lack of school fees); and whether the main reason for being out-of-school come about as a result of the pandemic. In addition, the monitoring form captured information on girls' school re-entry status (i.e., whether they had re-entered, were planning to re-enter, or were not planning to re-enter school) for girls who dropped out of school due to pregnancy or parenting, as well as the CSO's contacts. Similar to the 4Ts phase I, back-to-school campaign messages targeting out-of-school girls and their parents or guardians were developed and used to facilitate dialogue between CSOs, out-of-school girls and their parents or guardians. The main message acronym 'SCHOOL' was meant to help pass a clear, memorable message about unconditional school-re-entry opportunities for all out-of-school children. Fieldwork assessment led by a team from the Ministry of Education (Directorate of Policy, Partnerships and EAC Affairs) was conducted in Narok county from 2nd to 6th August 2021. The fieldwork monitoring aimed at tracking 4Ts implementation progress by verifying successful school re-entry of girls reached by the 4TS intervention, and documenting opportunities and challenges that might influence scale-up of the 4Ts initiative. The team conducted a spot-check in a sample of 9 schools spread across Narok County. In Homa Bay county, the monitoring was led by the County Department of Education officials in collaboration with 2 Council-affiliated intervention coordinators. Fieldwork monitoring was conducted using a monitoring form that captured information on availability of school re-entry policy guidelines, mechanisms/systems within the school setting that would support school re-entry of pregnant and parenting girls, and the process of re-integrating back to school girls who got pregnant during the long break from education occasioned by Covid-19 pandemic Face-to-face [f2f] Two monitoring tools were used to track and trace girls who had dropped out of school. One monitoring tool was used to capture information on every out-of-school girl reached by the 4Ts intervention teams. Specifically, the monitoring tool captured information on out-of-school girls' location (sub-county, zone, village); details (name and, age), parent/guardian's details (name and mobile contact); the main reason for being out-of-school (i.e., pregnant/parenting, lack of childcare, marriage, sick or taking care of sick parent and lack of school fees); and whether the main reason for being out-of-school come about as a result of the pandemic. In addition, the monitoring form captured information on girls' school re-entry status (i.e., whether they had re-entered, were planning to re-enter, or were not planning to re-enter school) for girls who dropped out of school due to pregnancy or parenting, as well as the CSO's contacts. Another field monitoring tool for headteachers was also used during field monitoring of the 4Ts program. This tool helped guide monitoring teams to track successful school re-entry of pregnant or parenting girls following the implementation of the 4Ts initiative. The tool was completed one form for each school visited. Before visiting a school, one 4Ts monitoring tool was selected (completed by a Curriculum Support Officer [CSO] with details of a pregnant or parenting girl who has re-entered that school.) Data for this report were obtained from the CSOs' monitoring dataset, the field assessment dataset and the intervention coordinators' weekly reports, as well as field notes. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentages) methods, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Population Council Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. 4Ts_dataset_anon_2 The file contains derived data from out-of-school(primary) tracking form. The file also contains the age, reason for dropping out variables and other comments from respondents. 1424 12 Location Details Reason-out-school Re-entry Status period of re-enter comment county county county county county 1424 1 Homa Bay 2 Narok County of subject's residence sub_county sub_county sub_county sub_county sub_county 1424 1 Rachuonyo South 2 Rachuonyo East 3 Rachuonyo North 4 Suba South 5 Ndhiwa 6 Mbita (Suba North) 7 Homa Bay 8 Rangwe 9 Narok East 10 Narok North 11 Narok South 12 Transmara East 13 Transmara West 14 Narok West subjects sub-county zone zone zone zone zone 1424 1 Saye 2 Atandi 3 Oyugis 4 Nyangiela 5 6 Ober 7 Awach 8 Ayiengo 9 Ringa 10 Nyakongo 11 Got Oyaro 12 Miriu 13 Rambira 14 Pala 15 Omboga 16 Homa 17 Kandiege 18 Kendu 19 Kiabuya 20 Nyagwethe 21 Kigoto 22 Sindo 23 Ndhiwa 24 Kobodo 25 Ototo 26 Riana 27 Kobama 28 Nguku 29 Mbita East 30 Mfangano 31 Mbita West 32 Rusinga 33 Lambwe 34 Kabunde 35 Urban 36 Asego 37 Nyawita 38 West Kochia 39 Ndiru 40 East Kochia 41 Rangwe 42 Randung 43 Suswa 44 Mosiro 45 Melili 46 Enabelbel 47 Ilmotiok 48 Nkoben 49 Naroosura 50 Olpusimoru 51 Ilmashariani 52 Cso Sne/ Olesankale 53 Naikarra 54 Loita 55 Ololulunga 56 Koyiaki 57 Mulot 58 Lemek 59 Cso Sne/ Sagamian 60 Emurua Dikirr 61 Cso Sne/ Kimintet 62 Lolgorian 63 Kilgoris Central 64 Oltanki 65 Shartuka 66 Enoosaen 67 Nkararo 68 N/Enkare 69 Olorropil 70 Abossi 71 Olchorro 72 Sogoo 73 Melelo 74 Emarti Subjects zone age age age age age 1424 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 23 24 age of the out of school girls Main reason for being out-of-school Main reason for being out-of-school Main reason for being out-of-school Main reason for being out-of-school Main reason for being out-of-school Main reason for being out-of-school 1424 1 Pregnant/parenting 2 Lack of childcare 3 Marriage 4 Fell ill 5 Taking care of sick parents 6 Lack of school fees 88 Other Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? Did this reason come about as a result of the pandemic (COVID-19)? 1424 1 Yes 2 No Planning to re-enter? Planning to re-enter? Planning to re-enter? Planning to re-enter? Planning to re-enter? Planning to re-enter? 1424 1 Yes 2 No Already re-entered? Already re-entered? Already re-entered? Already re-entered? Already re-entered? Already re-entered? 500 924 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss If already re-entered, enter month If already re-entered, enter month If already re-entered, enter month If already re-entered, enter month If already re-entered, enter month If already re-entered, enter month 426 998 1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Sysmiss If already re-entered, enter year If already re-entered, enter year If already re-entered, enter year If already re-entered, enter year If already re-entered, enter year If already re-entered, enter year 426 998 1 2019 2 2020 3 2021 Sysmiss If planning to re-enter, enter month If planning to re-enter, enter month If planning to re-enter, enter month If planning to re-enter, enter month If planning to re-enter, enter month If planning to re-enter, enter month 682 742 1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Sysmiss If planning to re-enter, enter year If planning to re-enter, enter year If planning to re-enter, enter year If planning to re-enter, enter year If planning to re-enter, enter year If planning to re-enter, enter year 681 743 1 2021 2 2022 Sysmiss